Impact of narrative therapy and standard ostomy care on postoperative recovery and complications in permanent colostomy

Table 6 Social Impact Scale subscale scores immediately postoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively, mean ± SD

Indicators	SOC group (n = 76)	NTSOC group (n = 72)	t	P value
Immediate postoperative
Sense of social isolation	21.53 ± 4.16	21.78 ± 4.17	0.378	0.706
Economic insecurity	12.24 ± 2.64	12.52 ± 2.46	0.655	0.513
Internalized shame	15.36 ± 3.19	15.16 ± 3.25	0.379	0.705
Perceived social exclusion	24.81 ± 4.59	24.49 ± 4.41	0.433	0.666
3-month follow-up
Sense of social isolation	15.54 ± 4.29	14.21 ± 3.18	2.153	0.033
Economic insecurity	11.25 ± 2.61	10.55 ± 2.44	1.699	0.091
Internalized shame	11.34 ± 3.37	9.84 ± 2.83	2.922	0.004
Perceived social exclusion	19.53 ± 4.71	17.34 ± 4.26	2.962	0.004

SOC: Standard ostomy care; NTSOC: Narrative therapy combined with standard ostomy care.