Impact of narrative therapy and standard ostomy care on postoperative recovery and complications in permanent colostomy

Table 3 Postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, mean ± SD

Indicators	SOC group (n = 76)	NTSOC group (n = 72)	t	P value
Time to first bowel sounds recovery	46.76 ± 9.06	42.28 ± 7.53	3.259	0.001
Time to first fluid intake (hours)	56.43 ± 8.26	48.24 ± 6.57	6.654	< 0.001
Time to first flatus passage (hours)	48.93 ± 10.29	43.95 ± 8.62	3.180	0.002
Time to first postoperative bowel movement (hours)	71.57 ± 12.61	65.83 ± 10.48	3.001	0.003

SOC: Standard ostomy care; NTSOC: Narrative therapy combined with standard ostomy care.