Impact of narrative therapy and standard ostomy care on postoperative recovery and complications in permanent colostomy

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD

Indicators	SOC group (n = 76)	NTSOC group (n = 72)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)	58.34 ± 7.29	59.10 ± 6.86	0.655	0.514
Gender (male/female)	42 (55.26)/34 (44.74)	38 (52.78)/34 (47.22)	0.092	0.762
Body mass index	23.16 ± 3.11	22.88 ± 3.44	0.522	0.603
Education level			0.617	0.734
Primary school or below	16 (21.05)	19 (26.39)
High school	35 (46.05)	30 (41.67)
University or above	25 (32.89)	23 (31.94)
Marital status			1.302	0.522
Single	21 (27.63)	16 (22.22)
Married	50 (65.79)	48 (66.67)
Divorced or widowed	5 (6.58)	8 (11.11)
Reason for surgery (colorectal cancer/other)	64 (84.21)/12 (15.79)	65 (90.28)/7 (9.72)	1.216	0.270
Preoperative hemoglobin (g/L)	118.45 ± 10.33	119.02 ± 9.87	0.343	0.732
Preoperative albumin (g/L)	36.78 ± 4.12	36.55 ± 4.01	0.335	0.738
Diabetes mellitus	11 (14.47)	9 (12.50)	0.123	0.726
Hypertension	29 (38.16)	28 (38.89)	0.008	0.927

SOC: Standard ostomy care; NTSOC: Narrative therapy combined with standard ostomy care.