Early identification of reversible strangulating ischemia in adhesive small bowel obstruction using non-contrast computed tomography and routine laboratory parameters

Table 1 Patient characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Overall population (n = 103)
Age	62.77 ± 13.06
Sex
Female	57 (55.34)
Male	46 (44.66)
BMI	22.29 ± 2.54
Neutrophil percentage	75.28 ± 7.95
ALB	41.37 ± 5.14
Fib	3.32 ± 0.87
Symptom duration (hour), M (Q1, Q3)	24.00 (24.00, 60.00)
WBC, M (Q1, Q3)	6.64 (5.12, 8.41)
PLR, M (Q1, Q3)	188.51 (134.57, 238.26)
LAC, M (Q1, Q3)	1.30 (1.02,1.80)
BE, M (Q1, Q3)	-2.00 (-3.3, -0.55)
LDH, M (Q1, Q3)	203.00 (180.00, 240.50)
CK, M (Q1, Q3)	57.00 (44.00, 90.00)
CK-MB, M (Q1, Q3)	5.00 (2.70, 8.00)
BUN, M (Q1, Q3)	6.04 (4.36, 7.29)
D-D, M (Q1, Q3)	0.72 (0.45, 1.11)
History of abdominal surgery
No	31 (30.10)
Yes	72 (69.90)
Abdominal distension
No	9 (8.74)
Yes	94 (91.26)
Nausea and vomitting
No	22 (21.36)
Yes	81 (78.64)
Cessation of flatus and defecation
No	23 (22.33)
Yes	80 (77.67)
Small bowel feces sign
No	84 (81.55)
Yes	19 (18.45)
Bowel wall thickening
No	80 (77.67)
Yes	23 (22.33)
Decreased bowel wall attenuation
No	87 (84.47)
Yes	16 (15.53)
Mesenteric haziness
No	70 (67.96)
Yes	33 (32.04)
Ascites
No	50 (48.54)
Yes	53 (51.46)
Closed-loop obstruction
No	74 (71.84)
Yes	29 (28.16)
Whirl sign
No	90 (87.38)
Yes	13 (12.62)
Mesenteric clustering
No	71 (68.93)
Yes	32 (31.07)

Data are presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed variables and median (Q₁, Q₃) for non-normally distributed variables. t: T-test; Z: Mann-Whitney test; M: Median; Q₁: 1^st quartile; Q₃: 3^st quartile; BMI: Body mass index; Fib: Fibrinogen; ALB: Albumin; WBC: White blood cell count; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; LAC: Lactate; BE: Base excess; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; CK: Creatine kinase; CK-MB: Creatine kinase-MB; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; D-D: D-dimer.