Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after radical colorectal cancer surgery and its impact on prognosis: Clinical education research

Table 1 Comparison of Baseline Characteristics Between AL and Non-AL Groups, n (%)/mean ± SD/mean (interquartile range)

Variable	AL group (n = 22)	Non-AL group (n = 178)	χ²/t/Z value	P value
Gender			0.286	0.593
Male	14 (63.6)	102 (57.3)
Female	8 (36.4)	76 (42.7)
Age (years)	63.2 ± 9.8	61.4 ± 10.6	0.771	0.442
BMI (kg/m²)	26.2 ± 3.6	23.8 ± 3.2	3.478	0.001
Smoking history	10 (45.5)	58 (32.6)	1.476	0.224
Drinking history	8 (36.4)	50 (28.1)	0.624	0.430
Diabetes mellitus	8 (36.4)	24 (13.5)	7.552	0.006
Hypertension	9 (40.9)	58 (32.6)	0.573	0.449
ASA grade			4.286	0.038
I-II	10 (45.5)	118 (66.3)
III-IV	12 (54.5)	60 (33.7)
Tumor location			5.243	0.022
Colon	7 (31.8)	94 (52.8)
Rectum	15 (68.2)	84 (47.2)
TNM staging			1.028	0.598
Stage I	4 (18.2)	42 (23.6)
Stage II	9 (40.9)	72 (40.4)
Stage III	9 (40.9)	64 (36.0)
Neoadjuvant therapy	8 (36.4)	38 (21.3)	2.512	0.043
Protective stoma	4 (18.2)	56 (31.5)	1.640	0.037
Preop albumin < 35 g/L	9 (40.9)	34 (19.1)	5.468	0.019
Operation time (minutes)	204.2 ± 46.5	174.8 ± 40.2	3.227	0.002
Intraop blood loss (mL)	250 (150-400)	150 (100-230)	-3.142	0.002

AL: Anastomotic leakage; BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.