Staging laparoscopy in esophagogastric junction cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Evaluation of the risk of bias in the studies included using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool

Ref.	Design	Participant selection	Intervention classification	Missing data	Outcome measurement	Selective reporting	Overall risk
Mitchell et al[14], 2023	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Halle-Smith et al[13], 2024	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Strandby et al[15], 2020	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Strandby et al[17], 2016	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Mirza et al[16], 2016	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Simon et al[18], 2016	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Bhatti et al[19], 2014	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Munasinghe et al[20], 2013	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Nath et al[21], 2008	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Sarela 2006[22]	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Clements et al[23], 2004	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Menon and Dehn[24], 2003	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Nieveen van Dikjum et al[25], 1999	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Romijn et al[26], 1998	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Stein et al[27], 1997	Prospective	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low
O´brien et al[28], 1995	Prospective	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Low
Bemelman et al[30], 1995	Prospective	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Dagnini et al[29], 1986	Retrospective	High	High	High	Moderate	High	High