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Retrospective Cohort Study
©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jan 27, 2026; 18(1): 114336
Published online Jan 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i1.114336
Table 1 Demographic and operative data of patients

Group 1 (n = 243)
Group 2 (n = 332)
Group 3 (n = 402)
P value
n (%)
95%CI
n (%)
95%CI
n (%)
95%CI
Sex 0.297
    Male151 (62.1)(55.9-68)196 (59)(53.7-64.2)225 (56)(51.1-60.7)
    Female92 (37.9)(32-44.1)136 (41)(35.8-46.3)177 (44)(39.3-48.9)
Conversion to open surgery3 (1.2)(0.4-3.6)6 (1.8)(0.8-3.9)13 (3.2)(1.9-5.5)0.202
Presence of surgical drains235 (96.7)(93.6-98.3)328 (98.8)(96.9-99.5)392 (97.5)(95.5-98.6)0.229
Intraoperative findings0.619
    Perforated13 (5.3)(3.2-8.9)15 (4.5)(2.8-7.3)15 (3.7)(2.3-6.1)
    Non- perforated230 (94.7)(91.1-96.9)317 (95.5)(92.7-97.2)387 (96.3)(93.9-97.7)
Med (IQR)Med (IQR)Med (IQR)
Age136 (18-91)32-3830 (18-78)29-3332 (18-79)30-340.240
Operative time (min)145 (35-65)45-5045 (31.25-60)40-5045 (35-65)45-500.211


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