Patterns and risk factors of early recurrence after radical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Table 2 Patterns of recurrence according to timing, n (%)

Recurrence pattern	Total recurrence (n = 237)	Early recurrence (n = 178)	Late recurrence (n = 59)	P value
Site of first recurrence
Intrahepatic only	134 (56.5)	89 (50.0)	45 (76.3)	< 0.001
Solitary	74 (55.2)	42 (47.2)	32 (71.1)	0.007
Multiple	60 (44.8)	47 (52.8)	13 (28.9)	0.007
Extrahepatic only	79 (33.3)	64 (36.0)	15 (25.4)	0.135
Lymph nodes	43 (54.4)	35 (54.7)	8 (53.3)	0.923
Peritoneum	19 (24.1)	16 (25.0)	3 (20.0)	0.681
Lung	11 (13.9)	8 (12.5)	3 (20.0)	0.449
Bone	6 (7.6)	5 (7.8)	1 (6.7)	0.878
Combined	24 (10.1)	25 (14.0)	0 (0)	0.002
Number of recurrence sites
Single site	162 (68.4)	103 (57.9)	45 (76.3)	0.012
Multiple sites	75 (31.6)	75 (42.1)	14 (23.7)	0.012
Treatment of recurrence
Repeat resection	34 (14.3)	15 (8.4)	19 (32.2)	< 0.001
Locoregional therapy	67 (28.3)	38 (21.3)	29 (49.2)	< 0.001
Systemic chemotherapy	112 (47.3)	98 (55.1)	14 (23.7)	< 0.001
Best supportive care	24 (10.1)	27 (15.2)	0 (0)	0.001