Clinical characteristics of and risk factors for hepatolithiasis developed after surgery for congenital biliary dilatation

Table 2 Short-term and long-term complications after extrahepatic bile duct resection for congenital biliary dilatation, n (%)

Characteristics	Short-term (n = 42)		Long-term (n = 37)
	Child (n = 23)	Adult (n = 19)	Child (n = 12)	Adult (n = 25)
Male/female	7 (30)/16 (70)	8 (42)/11 (58)	3 (25)/9 (75)	9 (36)/16 (64)
Age at surgery (year), median (interquartile range)	1.9 (4.2)	45.0 (20.0)	3.8 (5.9)	50.0 (31.0)
Todani classification
Ia	9 (39)	5 (26)	3 (25)	10 (40)
Ic	4 (17)	3 (16)	3 (25)	4 (16)
IV-A	10 (43)	11 (58)	6 (50)	11 (44)
Complications
Anastomotic leakage	11 (48)	3 (16)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Surgical site infection	4 (17)	4 (21)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Acute cholangitis	1 (4)	4 (21)	3 (25)	23 (92)
Delayed gastric emptying	4 (17)	1 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Intra-abdominal abscess	1 (4)	3 (16)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Pancreatic fistula	1 (4)	2 (11)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Anastomotic stenosis	1 (4)	0 (0)	1 (8)	7 (28)
Intestinal obstruction	1 (4)	0 (0)	6 (50)	1 (4)
Acute pancreatitis	1 (4)	0 (0)	3 (25)	2 (8)
Hepatolithiasis	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (17)	13 (52)
Pancreatic stones	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (8)
Biliary cirrhosis	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (5)
Bile tract cancer	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)