Remimazolam reduces State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Scale scores in hemorrhoid surgery with spinal-epidural anesthesia: A randomized trial

Table 3 Comparison of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State scale scores and hemodynamic variables across time points

Variable	Time point	CSE group, n = 30	Combined group, n = 30	Mean difference (95%CI)	Adjusted P value
STAI-S	TS0	51.93	52.80	-0.87 (-3.143-1.409)	> 0.999
	TS1	54.03	28.80	25.23 (21.24-29.23)	< 0.001a
	TS2	54.53	45.07	9.47 (6.29-12.64)	< 0.001a
SBP	T0	126.0	121.4	4.60 (-7.92-17.12)	> 0.999
	T1	125.6	120.0	5.63 (-7.71-18.97)	> 0.999
	T2	128.8	114.7	14.17 (0.77-27.57)	0.033a
	T3	120.1	111.2	8.87 (-3.18-20.91)	0.273
	T4	121.0	111.4	9.60 (-0.89-20.09)	0.089
DBP	T0	72.80	70.87	1.93 (-8.38-12.25)	> 0.999
	T1	73.70	71.93	1.77 (-10.39-13.92)	> 0.999
	T2	72.93	68.97	3.97 (-6.38-14.31)	> 0.999
	T3	70.60	67.20	3.40 (-5.92-12.71)	> 0.999
	T4	70.07	66.67	3.40 (-4.02-10.82)	> 0.999
HR	T0	76.94	76.28	1.967 (-5.86-9.79)	> 0.999
	T1	76.67	77.00	-0.33 (-9.33-8.66)	> 0.999
	T2	78.70	75.53	3.17 (-6.65-12.98)	> 0.999
	T3	77.17	76.00	1.17 (-6.41-8.75)	> 0.999
	T4	73.60	76.27	-2.67 (-11.05-5.72)	> 0.999

^aP < 0.05.

P values were calculated using post-hoc analysis Bonferroni correction, multiple comparisons test was conducted to assess intergroup differences at each time point, with effect sizes expressed as mean differences (95%CI). STAI-S: State: Trait Anxiety Inventory - State scale scores; SBP: Systolic blood pressure (mmHg); DBP: Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg); HR: Heart rate (beats/minute); CSE: Combined spinal-epidural.