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Case Control Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2025; 17(9): 109521
Published online Sep 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i9.109521
Figure 2
Figure 2 Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and bile microbiome diversity. Statistical significance vs the control was defined as a two-tailed aP < 0.05. A: Venn on operational taxonomic units level; B: Rank-Abundance curves on operational taxonomic units level; C: Alpha diversity analysis of bile microbiome including Shannon, Chao, Simpson, Ace, Coverage, and Sobs index; D: Beta diversity analysis of bile microbiome. OUT: Operational taxonomic units; GS: Gallstone; GSF: Gallstone-free; PCoA: Principal coordinate analysis; PC1: Principal component 1; PC2: Principal component 2.


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