Exploration of doctor-patient communication characteristics and optimization path for gastrointestinal surgery of acute abdomen

Table 4 Comparison of coping methods between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	Cases	Face		Avoid		Surrender
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Observation	41	15.78 ± 1.40	23.06 ± 1.73a	14.51 ± 1.24	10.77 ± 0.98a	13.06 ± 1.26	8.43 ± 0.77a
Control	41	15.46 ± 1.33	19.77 ± 1.44a	14.46 ± 1.30	12.14 ± 1.03a	13.17 ± 1.40	9.46 ± 0.84a
t value		1.061	9.359	0.178	6.170	0.374	5.788
P value		0.292	< 0.001	0.859	< 0.001	0.709	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05.

P compared with the pre-intervention session.