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Publication Name
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
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1948-9366
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Aug 27, 2025; 17(8): 104784
Published online Aug 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i8.104784
Table 3 Comparison of coping methods between the two groups (mean ± SD, score)
Group
Case
Face
Escape
Surrender
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Observation 4017.25 ± 1.4023.64 ± 1.5216.94 ± 1.2412.11 ± 1.0221.69 ± 2.6315.32 ± 1.41
Control 4017.36 ± 1.2920.06 ± 1.4416.79 ± 1.3013.59 ± 1.1421.54 ± 2.4417.05 ± 1.29
t0.365 10.814 0.528 6.119 0.264 5.725
P value0.716 < 0.001 0.599 < 0.0010.792 < 0.001
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