Preoperative computed tomography-based risk stratification model validation for postoperative pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma recurrence

Figure 3 Computed tomography images of a 61-year-old female with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. A: Arterial phase; B: Portal venous phase axial contrast-enhanced computed tomography images revealed a 3.8 cm hypodense mass in the tail of the pancreas (indicated by a white arrow) with invasion of the splenic artery (indicated by a orange arrow). The image scale was approximately 0.31 mm per pixel. There was no evidence of tumor necrosis or suspicious metastatic lymph nodes. With a risk score of 3, the patient was placed in the moderate prognosis group. A standard distal pancreatectomy was performed, and the tumor recurred 18 months postoperatively.