Bile spillage in incidental gallbladder cancer is not an independent predictor for survival: A multi-institute retrospective cohort study

Table 4 Analysis of overall survival in patients with incidental gallbladder carcinoma after exclusion of patients with perioperative suspicion of gallbladder carcinoma

Characteristic1 (n)	Unadjusted HR (95%CI)	P value2	Adjusted HR (95%CI) (n = 218)	P value3
Age at diagnosis ≥ 65 years (291)4	2.19 (1.55-3.10)	< 0.001	2.04 (1.35-3.11)	< 0.001
ASA III/IV (279)4	1.98 (1.42-2.76)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.11-2.41)	0.012
Cholecystitis indication for surgery (291)4	1.91 (1.39-2.63)	< 0.001	1.98 (1.36-2.88)	< 0.001
Surgery type laparoscopic (291)5	0.42 (0.31-0.58)	< 0.001
Surgery type converted (291)5	2.33 (1.61-3.37)	< 0.001
Bile spillage (291)4	2.04 (1.50-2.79)	< 0.001	1.10 (0.74-1.62)	0.646
pT stage primary surgery (245)4	1.77 (1.44-2.19)	< 0.001	1.52 (1.17-1.96)	0.001
Positive resection margin at primary surgery (256)4	2.85 (2.03-4.01)	< 0.001	2.44 (1.64-3.63)	< 0.001
pN1 at primary surgery (53)	3.01 (1.31-6.92)	0.010

¹Hazard ratios were compared with patients who were negative for the variable for all characteristics except for pT stage.

²P value of log rank testing.

³P value of remaining significant independent variables after multivariable Cox regression analysis.

⁴This characteristic was added to multivariable Cox regression analysis.

⁵Surgery type was not added to multivariable Cox regression analysis as it is directly connected to the other variables used.

HR: Hazard ratio; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification; CI: Confidence interval.