Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jul 27, 2025; 17(7): 106365
Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.106365
Table 1 Patient demographic and preoperative characteristics, n (%)

Hiatal hernia repair without removal of the hernia sac (n = 36, 54.5%)
Hiatal hernia repair with removal of the hernia sac (n = 30, 45.5%)
P value
Age, years, median (range)54.8 (29-81)54.6 (28-72)
Sex, female23 (63.9)21 (70)
BMI, kg/m2, median (range)29.6 (24.6-35.1)29.7 (24.6-36.8)
ASA
II23 (63.9)22 (73.3)
III13 (36.1)8 (26.7)
Esophagitis14 (38.9)12 (40)
Grade A8 (22.2)7 (23.3)
Grade B4 (11.1)2 (6.7)
Grade C1 (2.78)2 (6.7)
Grade D1 (2.78)1 (3.3)
Preoperative PPI use24 (66.7)21 (70)