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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jul 27, 2025; 17(7): 106311
Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.106311
Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.106311
Table 7 Comparison of clinical outcomes between visualization systems, n (%)
| Characteristic | Naked-eye 3D group (n = 35) | Glasses 3D group (n = 130) | P value |
| Postoperative infection rate | 12.9% (4/31) | 11.5% (15/130) | > 0.05 |
| Wound infection | 2 (5.7) | 2 (1.5) | < 0.05 |
| Urinary tract infection | 2 (5.7) | 3 (2.3) | > 0.05 |
| Pulmonary infection | 1 (2.9) | 1 (0.8) | > 0.05 |
| Anastomotic leak | 1 (2.9) | 3 (2.3) | > 0.05 |
| Postoperative fever (≥ 38 °C) | 8 (22.9) | 5 (3.8) | < 0.05 |
| C-reactive protein levels (mg/L) | 7.5 (5.0, 10.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) | < 0.05 |
| White blood cell count (× 109/L) | 10.5 (9.0, 12.0) | 9.5 (8.0, 11.0) | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative pain score (VAS) | 3.5 (2, 4) | 2.5 (2, 3) | < 0.05 |
| Pain management satisfaction | 3.0 (2.5, 3.5) | 3.5 (3.0, 4.0) | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative nutritional status (SGA) | 2.8 (2.0, 3.0) | 2.2 (1.5, 2.5) | < 0.05 |
| 6-minute walk test distance (m) | 350 (300, 400) | 400 (350, 450) | < 0.05 |
- Citation: Shen RW, Zhang W. Application of a glasses-free 3D laparoscopic system in radical gastrointestinal cancer surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(7): 106311
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i7/106311.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.106311