Impact of laser acupuncture on gastrointestinal function recovery in patients after acute appendicitis surgery: A retrospective clinical study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients, mean ± SD

Characteristic	Routine treatment group (n = 60)	Laser acupuncture group (n = 60)	P value
Age (years)	38.5 ± 12.3	37.8 ± 11.6	0.672
Gender (male/female)	31/29	29/31	0.843
Body mass index (kg/m²)	23.6 ± 3.2	23.9 ± 3.5	0.756
Appendicitis severity (mild/moderate/severe)	20/30/10	22/28/10	0.789
History of abdominal surgery (Yes/No)	5/55	4/56	0.781
History of chronic illness (Yes/No)	15/45	14/46	0.852
Smoking status (Yes/No)	18/42	16/44	0.745
Alcohol consumption (Yes/No)	12/48	10/50	0.712
Physical activity level (low/moderate/high)	15/30/15	14/32/14	0.897
Education level (Below college/undergraduate/postgraduate)	20/30/10	22/28/10	0.764
History of allergies (Yes/No)	10/50	8/52	0.678
History of mental health issues (Yes/No)	5/55	4/56	0.781
Family history of gastrointestinal Disorders (Yes/No)	8/52	7/53	0.823