Early prediction of postoperative infection using inflammatory markers after cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis

Table 1 Baseline and surgical characteristics according to morbidity of all 111 patients in the study, n (%)

Characteristic	All patients (n = 111)	Overall postoperative infection			Intra-abdominal infection
		No (n = 92)	Yes (n = 19)	P value	No (n = 103)	Yes (n = 8)	P value
Age (years), mean ± SD	60.7 ± 10.3	60.7 ± 10.5	60.8 ± 9.6	0.957	60.7 ± 10.3	60.0 ± 11.9	0.849
Sex
Men	29 (26.1)	24 (82.8)	5 (17.2)	0.984	26 (89.7)	3 (10.3)	-
Women	82 (73.9)	68 (82.9)	14 (17.1)	-	77 (93.9)	5 (6.1)	0.447
ASA score, mean ± SD	2.2 ± 0.6	2.2 ± 0.6	2.4 ± 0.6	0.262	2.2 ± 0.6	2.4 ± 0.7	0.473
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
No	51 (45.0)	45 (88.2)	6 (11.8)	0.167	48 (94.1)	3 (5.9)	0.619
Yes	60 (54.1)	47 (78.3)	13 (21.7)	-	55 (91.7)	5 (8.3)	-
Immunonutrition
No	62 (55.9)	53 (85.5)	9 (14.5)	0.413	59 (95.2)	3 (4.8)	0.278
Yes	49 (44.1)	39 (79.6)	10 (20.4)	-	44 (89.8)	5 (10.2)	-
Carcinomatosis origin
Ovarian	55 (49.5)	48 (87.3)	7 (12.7)	-	54 (98.2)	1 (1.8)	-
Colorectal	34 (30.6)	24 (70.6)	10 (29.4)	-	28 (82.4)	6 (17.7)	-
Pseudomyxoma	13 (11.7)	13 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-	13 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Gastric	2 (1.8)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)	1	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	1
Endometrial	2 (1.8)	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Mesothelioma	1 (0.9)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Primary	1 (0.9)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Neuroendocrinal	1 (0.9)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Others	2 (1.8)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)	-	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)	-
PCI, median ± SD	10.4 ± 6.5	10.5 ± 6.7	9.5 ± 5.4	0.520	10.4 ± 6.6	10.0 ± 5.3	0.874
Complete cytoreduction	97 (87.4)	78 (80.4)	19 (19.6)	0.069	89 (91.8)	8 (8.3)	0.265
Number of visceral resections, mean ± SD	1.6 ± 1.2	1.5 ± 1.2	2.0 ± 1.2	0.161	1.6 ± 1.2	2.0 ± 1.1	0.324
Number of digestive anastomoses, mean ± SD	0.6 ± 0.6	0.5 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.7	0.053	0.6 ± 0.6	1.2 ± 0.5	0.049
HIPEC
No	23 (20.7)	17 (73.9)	6 (26.1)	0.200	20 (87.0)	3 (13.0)	0.224
Yes	88 (79.3)	75 (85.2)	13 (14.8)	-	83 (94.3)	5 (5.7)	-
In hospital stay, median ± SD	15.6 ± 7.2	14.9 ± 7.1	19.0 ± 6.6	0.022	15.1 ± 7.0	22.3 ± 6.3	0.006
Reintervention	11 (9.9)	5 (45.5)	6 (54.5)	0.000	7 (63.6)	4 (36.4)	0.000
Mortality	2 (1.8)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)	0.213	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0.691

¹The test has been omitted due to the small number of cases in the categories.

ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; PCI: Peritoneal carcinomatosis index; SD: Standard deviation.