Reducing anastomotic complications with endoscopy in laparoscopic total gastrectomy

Table 3 Patient Intraoperative and postoperative characteristics, mean ± SD

Variables	IEE (n = 77)	NIEE (n = 83)	P value
Mean operation time (minutes)	308.5 ± 81.3	281 ± 75.6	0.037
Mean blood loss (mL)	105.7 ± 52.8	110.4 ± 65.2	0.745
Number of retrieved lymph nodes	28.5 ± 12.2	32.7 ± 10.8	0.178
Maximum tumor diameter (cm)	4.35 ± 2.16	4.05 ± 2.56	0.563
Proximal margin length (cm)	3.15 ± 2.05	3.26 ± 2.28	0.925
Distal margin length (cm)	7.38 ± 3.78	7.53 ± 3.21	0.672
Length of hospital stay (days)	12.94 ± 2.12	11.73 ± 1.78	0.452
Anastomosis-related complications			0.029
Anastomotic leakage	0	5
Anastomotic bleeding	0	0
Anastomotic stricture	0	1

IEE: Intraoperative endoscopic examination; NIEE: Non-intraoperative endoscopic examination.