Nomographic predictive models for complications after minimally invasive esophagectomy: Current status and future perspectives

Table 3 Published series reporting the incidence of major complications associated with minimally invasive esophagectomy

Ref.	Technique	n (cases)	Pulmonary complication (%)	Cardiac arrhythmia (%)	Anastomotic leak (%)	Conduit necrosis (%)	Chylothorax (%)	RLNP (%)
Xie et al[69]	IL	106	4.7	2.8	4.7	3.8	3.8	-
Sihag et al[63]	IL	600	12.8	-	13.8	-	-	4.3
van Workum et al[70]	IL	561	27.8	17.1	14.4	-	8.7	0.5
Naffouje et al[71]	IL	161	11.8	-	13	-	-	-
Lorimer et al[72]	IL	200	17	23	8.5	-	-	-
van der Sluis et al[73]	RM	108	33.3	8.3	18.5	-	17.6	9.3
Park et al[23]	RM	140	8.8	-	9.3	0	-	25
van der Sluis et al[16]	RM	54	27.8	22.2	24.1	-	31.5	9.3
Zhang et al[74]	RIL	76	6.6	-	9.2	1.3	1.9	6.6
Meredith et al[75]	RIL	147	6.8	11.6	2.7	-	-	3.4
Wang et al[76]	TME	194	6.2	3.6	4.6	-	-	4.6
Fujiwara et al[77]	TME	60	6.7	-	15	-	0	33.3
Kinjo et al[78]	M	106	16	9.4	10.4	0.9	-	19.8
Chen et al[79]	M	142	9.2	2.8	6.3	0.7	2.8	5.6
Li et al[80]	M	89	7.9	7.9	21.3	1.1	-	20.2
Tanaka et al[81]	M	59	13.6	11.9	6.8	0	-	22
Seesing et al[18]	M	121	36.4	19.8	26.4	33.9	-	7.4
Koterazawa et al[82]	M	162	14.8	-	17.9	-	-	19.8
van Workum et al[70]	M	226	24.8	26.1	26.5	-	13.3	9

RLNP: Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy; IL: Ivor Lewis; RM: Robotic-assisted McKeown; RIL: Robotic-assisted Ivor Lewis; TME: Transmediastinal esophagectomy; M: McKeown.