Intestinal ultrasound for monitoring postoperative Crohn’s disease: A systematic review and clinical implications

Table 3 Summary of selected studies evaluating small intestine contrast ultrasonography in detecting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease

Ref.	Year	Design	Number	Timing of SICUS	BWT threshold	Sensitivity	Specificity	Accuracy/comments	Specificity	Statistic
Castiglione et al[14]	2008	Prospective	40	Within 7 days post-operative	> 3 mm	82%-94%	> 90%	Early detection with high sensitivity	NR	HR = 8.9
Calabrese et al[13]	2009	Prospective	40	Within 14 days post-operative	> 3 mm	92.5%	NR	Accurate grading of severity	NR	RR = 2.1
Onali et al[12]	2010	Prospective	58	12 months post-operative	> 3 mm	100%	NR	SICUS detected all cases of POR	100%	NR
Onali et al[15]	2016	Retrospective	58	3-year follow-up	> 3 mm	100%	NR	Useful long-term monitoring tool	86%	Accuracy = 83%
Biancone et al[3]	2007	Prospective	72	6-12 months post-operative	> 3 mm	NR	NR	Correlation with capsule endoscopy	NR	AUROC = 0.95 (combined)
Pallotta et al[10]	2010	Prospective	58	6-24 months post-operative	> 3.5 mm (ICA) + > 3 mm (NTI)	100%	NR	AUROC = 0.95 (combined ICA + NTI)	NR	NR

SICUS: Small intestine contrast ultrasonography; BWT: Bowel wall thickness; ICA: Ileocolonic anastomosis; NTI: Neo-terminal ileum; NR: Not reported; POR: Postoperative recurrence; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; HR: Hazard ratio; RR: Relative risk.