BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge
Meta-Analysis
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Dec 27, 2025; 17(12): 111268
Published online Dec 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i12.111268
Figure 1
Figure 1 The literature screening process. One hundred and seventy-eight records were retrieved, with no additional studies from other sources. After removing 34 duplicate records, 37 irrelevant studies were excluded, leaving 78 full-text articles for evaluation. Ultimately, 24 studies were included for qualitative synthesis.


Write to the Help Desk