Endoscopic hemostasis combined with vascular interventional therapy for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis

Table 2 Quality assessment results

Ref.	Study type1	Cochrane	CASP
			Representativeness of the sample	Clarity of intervention description	Objectivity of outcome measures	Completeness of follow-up	Control of confounding bias
McGraw et al[8], 2023	C	8	-	-	-	-	-
Lau et al[9], 2019	C	7	-	-	-	-	-
Nykänen et al[10], 2017	B	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good
Manta et al[11], 2013	A	-	Average	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Aina et al[12], 2001	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Arrayeh et al[13], 2012	B	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Defreyne et al[14], 2001	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average	Average
Dixon et al[15], 2013	B	-	Average	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average	Fairly good
Holme et al[16], 2006	A	-	Average	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average	Average
Kaminskis et al[17], 2019	B	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average	Fairly good
Laursen et al[18], 2014	C	8	-	-	-	Fairly good	-
Muhammad et al[19], 2019	A	-	Average	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Padia et al[20], 2009	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Poultsides et al[21], 2008	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average	Fairly good
Song et al[22], 2011	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good
Spiliopoulos et al[23], 2018	A	-	Average	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Ephraim et al[24], 2022	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good
Ang et al[25], 2012	B	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Average
Lee et al[26], 2015	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good
Huang et al[27], 2014	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good
Hur et al[28], 2017	A	-	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good	Fairly good

¹A: Single-group intervention study; B: Retrospective cohort study; C: Randomized controlled trial.

CASP: Critical appraisal skills program.