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Retrospective Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Dec 27, 2025; 17(12): 111003
Published online Dec 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i12.111003
Table 2 Intraoperative conditions comparison between the two groups, n (%)
Intraoperative situations
PEP group (n = 24)
Non-PEP group (n = 159)
|t|/χ2
P value
Choledochal dilatation (yes/no)4 (16.67)/20 (83.33)19 (11.95)/140 (88.05)0.4220.516
Duodenal papillary sphincter dissection (yes/no)19 (79.17)/5 (20.83)116 (72.96)/43 (27.04)0.4160.519
Pancreatic ductography (yes/no)7 (29.17)/17 (70.83)19 (11.95)/138 (86.79)4.9280.026
Deeper penetration of the guidewire into the pancreatic duct (yes/no)11 (45.83)/13 (54.17)64 (40.25)/95 (59.75)0.2690.604
Bleeding (yes/no)12 (50.00)/12 (50.00)23 (14.47)/136 (85.53)17.023< 0.01
Intubation number3.2880.070
    < 317136
    ≥ 3723
Intubation time, minutes5.0020.025
    < 10961
    ≥ 101598


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