Intra-biliary cleansing during secondary duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend biliary stents: A retrospective cohort study

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.110036

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Gastrointest Surg. Nov 27, 2025; 17(11): 110036
Published online Nov 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.110036

Table 4 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval of chyme reflux into the bile duct according to types of biliary stents

Group	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Group	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
0	1.00 (reference)	-	1.00 (reference)	-	1.00 (reference)	-
1	2.643 (1.641-4.255)	< 0.001	2.868 (1.774-4.637)	< 0.001	2.793 (1.695-4.603)	< 0.001

Model 1 was unadjusted; model 2 was based on model 1 and additionally adjusted for age, sex, pancreaticobiliary maljunction, and extrahepatic bile duct stricture; model 3 was based on model 2 and further adjusted for duodenal papilla length, length of endoscopic sphincterotomy incision, duodenal papillopathy, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, metal-covered biliary stents, and diameter of the stents and pancreatic duct stent. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

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Citation: Zhang HL, Zhang C, Qiu C, Zhang BS, Huang AH, Yang JS, Jiang ZY, Zheng L, Hu H, Yang YL. Intra-biliary cleansing during secondary duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend biliary stents: A retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(11): 110036
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i11/110036.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.110036

Zhang HL, Zhang C, Qiu C, Zhang BS, Huang AH, Yang JS, Jiang ZY, Zheng L, Hu H, Yang YL. Intra-biliary cleansing during secondary duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend biliary stents: A retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(11): 110036 [PMID: 41357665 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.110036]

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