Robotic liver surgery for metastatic disease: A review of safety, feasibility, and outcomes

Table 5 Operative and postoperative metrics

Ref.	Operating time (min)	Blood loss (mL)	Hospital stay (d)	Key findings
Safiejko et al[6]	247.9 (RLR) vs 272.9 (LLR)	190.8 (RLR) vs 294.3 (LLR)	5.8 (RLR) vs 5.6 (LLR)	RLR reduced blood loss vs LLR (P < 0.001)
Machairas et al[7]	399.5 (median)	274 (median)	7 (median)	Simultaneous resections
Mkabaah et al[9]
RLR	304.1	266.8	6.2	RLR reduced blood loss vs OLR (P < 0.001)
LLR	191.8	283.9	6.7
OLR	204.3	413.8	12.9
Ho et al12]	200-507 (range)	50-660 (range)	5.5-11.7 (range)	Early RLR experience
McGuirk et al[13]	420.3	275.6	8.6	Single-arm (no comparator)

Time and blood loss are means unless specified as median/range. Pooled analyses include only comparative studies[6,9], non-comparative data are reported descriptively[7,12,13]. RLR: Robotic liver resection; LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; OLR: Open liver resection.