Postoperative outcomes following prehabilitation vs no prehabilitation in elective colorectal surgery: A 2:1 propensity score-matched analysis

Table 2 Intraoperative characteristics of patients who underwent elective major colorectal surgery

	Overall group, N = 208				PSM group, n = 144
	Prehabilitation (n = 148)	No prehabilitation (n = 60)	OR (95%CI)1	P value1	Prehabilitation (n = 96)	No prehabilitation (n = 48)	OR (95%CI)1	P value1	OR (95%CI)2	P value2
Open conversion	9/68 (13.2)	5/37 (13.5)	0.98 (0.30, 3.16)	0.968	7/66 (12.7)	5/53 (19.2)	0.61 (0.17, 2.15)	0.442	0.60 (0.17, 2.13)3	0.4333
Primary anastomosis, yes	124 (83.8)	56 (93.3)	0.37 (0.12, 1.11)	0.068	85 (88.5)	45 (93.8)	0.52 (0.14, 1.94)	0.320	0.47 (0.12, 1.79)	0.268
Stoma creation, yes	34 (23.0)	13 (21.7)	1.08 (0.52, 2.22)	0.838	19 (19.8)	9 (18.8)	1.07 (0.44, 2.58)	0.882	1.15 (0.47, 2.83)	0.758
Operating time, minute
Mean (mean ± SD)	215.6 ± 77.3	231.0 ± 76.6	N/A	0.194	225.8 ± 64.9	223.9 ± 78.1	N/A	0.884
Median	203.5 (164.3-265.8)	228.5 (165.0-275.8)	N/A	0.139	214.0 (177.8-269.0)	225.5 (152.5-274.0)	N/A	0.760
Estimated blood loss ≥ 500 mL, yes	9 (6.1)	2 (3.3)	1.88 (0.39, 8.96)	0.422	6 (6.3)	2 (4.2)	1.53 (0.30, 7.90)	0.607	1.76 (0.33, 9.48)	0.509
Intraoperative blood transfusion	21 (14.2)	8 (13.3)	1.08 (0.45, 2.58)	0.872	12 (12.5)	7 (14.6)	0.84 (0.31, 2.28)	0.728	0.88 (0.32, 2.46)	0.812
Intraoperative inotropes use	2 (1.4)	2 (3.3)	0.40 (0.06, 2.89)	0.346	2 (2.1)	1 (2.1)	1.00 (0.09, 11.31)	1.000	1.09 (0.09, 12.78)	0.945

¹Univariate analysis.

²Multivariate analysis.

³Multivariate analysis excluded the variable (surgical access).

Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%). OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; N/A: Not applicable; SD: Standard deviation; PSM: Propensity score matching.