Effect of perioperative restrictive and liberal fluid regimens on postoperative nausea-vomiting and quality of recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Table 2 Comparison of postoperative data between the research groups

Variable	Group L4, n = 79	Group R5, n = 78	Relative risk or mean difference (95%CI)	P value
Incidence of PONV, n (%)	30 (38.0)	55 (70.5)	0.54 (0.39-0.74)	< 0.0011
Time to first rescue anti-emetic, hours	3.93 ± 2.44	5.49 ± 4.32	1.55 (-0.14 to 3.26)	0.0372
Time to demand oral fluids, minutes	225.1 ± 94.4	164.4 ± 82.5	-60.7 (-88.6 to 32.7)	< 0.0012
Requirement of rescue analgesia, n (%)	53 (67.1%)	57 (73.1%)	0.91 (0.74-1.12)	0.4131
Time to first rescue analgesia, hours	2.94 ± 1.78	2.98 ± 2.59	0.039 (-0.81 to 0.88)	0.9272
Total tramadol consumption, mg	50 (50-100) (68.8 ± 28.1)	50 (50-50) (59.6 ± 19.9)	-9.21 (-18.3 to -0.06)	0.0693
First mobilization time, hours	2.91 ± 1.42	3.27 ± 1.46	0.35 (-0.09 to 0.81)	0.1232
Time to first oral solid food intake, hours	6.68 ± 0.91	6.78 ± 1.21	0.099 (-0.24 to 0.43)	0.5662

¹χ² test: Data are presented as n (%) with relative risk and 95% confidence interval.

²Student’s t-test: Data are presented as mean ± SD with mean difference and 95% confidence interval.

³Mann-Whitney U test: Data are presented as median (quartile 1, quartile 3) and (mean ± SD) with mean difference and 95% confidence interval.

⁴Group L: Liberal fluid treatment group.

⁵Group R: Restrictive fluid treatment group.

PONV: Postoperative nausea-vomiting.