Coil-assisted N-butyl cyanoacrylate embolization vs covered stent implantation for delayed hemorrhage in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery

Table 2 Procedure-related details and clinical outcomes, n (%)

Variable	NBCA group (n = 45)	CSI group (n = 60)	P value
Arteriographic findings			0.351
Extravasation of contrast media	37 (82.2)	44 (73.3)
Pseudoaneurysm	8 (17.8)	16 (26.7)
Parent artery			0.000
Splenic artery	13 (28.9)	6 (10.0)
Common hepatic artery	14 (31.1)	46 (76.7)
Right hepatic artery	7 (15.6)	6 (10.0)
Left hepatic artery	2 (4.4)	0 (0.0)
Left gastric artery	6 (13.3)	1 (1.7)
Branch of superior mesenteric artery	3 (6.7)	1 (1.7)
Technical success	45 (100)	53 (88.3)	0.019
Clinical success	42 (93.3)	44 (73.3)	0.010
Clinical failure and follow-up treatment	3 (6.7)	16 (27.6)
Continuous hemorrhage and death	2	5
Surgical operation	1	4
CSI	0	4
Coil-assisted NBCA embolization	0	3
30-day mortality	8 (17.8)	11 (18.3)	1.000
Severe intervention-related AEs	0 (0)	1 (1.7)	1.000

AE: Adverse event; CSI: Covered stent implantation; NBCA: N-butyl cyanoacrylate.