Retrospective investigation of risk factors for pancreatic fistula development after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 1 Comparison of definition and grading system for postoperative pancreatic fistula

	The definition and grading system of postoperative pancreatic fistula in the 2005 ISGPF version			The ISGPS version of the definition and grading system for postoperative pancreatic fistula
Classification	A-level	B-level	C-level
Clinical manifestation	Good	Good	Poor
Special treatment	Yes	No	No
Continuous ultrasound or CT	Negative	Positive	Positive
Continuous drainage for > 3 weeks	No	No	Yes
Secondary surgery	No	No	Yes
Pancreatic fistula related death	No	No	No
Symptoms of infection	No	Yes	Yes
Sepsis	No	No	Yes
Readmission	No	Yes	Yes
Definition and classification				Biochemical leakage	B-level	C-level
On the third day after surgery, the amylase value in the drainage fluid reached more than three times the normal upper limit				Yes	Yes	Yes
Peripancreatic continuous drainage > 3 weeks				No	Yes	Yes
Changes in clinically relevant treatment measures for pancreatic fistula				No	Yes	Yes
Transcutaneous or intradermal microscopic puncture drainage				No	Yes	Yes
Angiographic intervention treatment of postoperative pancreatic fistula related bleeding				No	Yes	Yes
Secondary operation				No	No	Yes
Postoperative pancreatic fistula related symptoms of infection				No	With (without organ failure)	Yes
Postoperative pancreatic fistula related organs failure				No	No	Yes
Postoperative pancreas fistula related death				No	No	Yes

CT: Computed tomography; ISGPF: International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula; ISGPS: International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery.