Identifying timing and risk factors for early recurrence of resectable rectal cancer: A single center retrospective study

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of all patients, n (%)

Variable	Total (n = 131)
Age, year	65 (14)
BMI, median (IQR)	24.09 (21.06-26.82)
Gender, male	82 (62.6)
Tumor diameter, cm	4.3 (2.2)
Tumor location
Upper	29 (22.1)
Middle	46 (35.1)
Low	56 (42.7)
Preoperative CEA, median (IQR)	5.1 (2.3-12.5)
Preoperative Hb, median (IQR)	12.5 (11.00-13.7)
Preoperative CCRT	28 (21.4)
Emergency operation	2 (1.5)
Laparoscopic method	89 (67.9)
Cover to open	3 (2.3)
Blood loss, mL, median (IQR)	50 (30-100)
Colostomy	91 (69.5)
Operation time, median (IQR)	228 (165-295)
Postoperative ICU	3 (2.3)
Pathological T
1	3 (2.3)
2	23 (17.6)
3	94 (71.8)
4	11 (8.4)
Pathological N
0	46 (35.1)
1	46 (35.1)
2	39 (29.8)
Pathological stage
1	17 (13)
2	29 (22.1)
3	85 (64.9)
LNR, %, median (IQR)	5.9 (0-21.1)
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	125 (95.4)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	6 (4.6)
Histological differentiation
Well	2 (1.5)
Moderate	122 (93.1)
Poor	7 (5.3)
Vascular invasion	20 (15.3)
Lymphatic invasion	115 (87.8)
Perineural invasion	63 (48.1)
RAS gene mutation	71 (54.2)
Complications	46 (35.1)
Clavien–Dindo
0	85 (64.9)
1	9 (6.9)
2	19 (14.5)
3	18 (13.7)
Intraabdominal abscess	6 (4.6)
Ileus	18 (13.7)
SSI	12 (9.2)
Anastomosis leakage	16 (12.2)
Reoperation	18 (13.7)
Readmission	13 (9.9)
LOS, d, median (IQR)	9 (7-12)
Median of survival (mo, IQR)
Recurrence-free survival	10.8 (5.3-22.5)
Post-recurrence survival	2.0 (0.9-4.1)
Overall survival	41.2 (22.1-69.1)
Death	94 (71.8)
Local recurrence	30 (22.9)
Distant recurrence	71 (54.2)
Multiple recurrence	30 (22.9)
Liver	43 (32.8)
Lung	40 (30.5)
Lymph node	22 (16.8)
Peritoneum	9 (6.9)

BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; Hb: Hemoglobin; CCRT: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy; ICU: Intensive care unit; LNR: Lymph node ratio; RAS: Rat sarcoma; SSI: Surgical site infections.