Potential applications of single-incision laparoscopic totally preperitoneal hernioplasty

Table 1 Patient demographics and hernia characteristics

Variable	Value
Number of patients	152
Sex
Male	127
Female	25
Mean age (year)	49.5 (range: 21.0-81.0)
Mean BMI, kg/m2	27.7 (range: 17.7-35.6)
Median ASA	1.1 (range: 1.0-2.0)
Main type of hernias
Right inguinal hernia	70
Left inguinal hernia	57
Bilateral inguinal hernia	20
Umbilical hernia	2
Incisional hernia	3
Gilbert type (Gilbert type)	180
Indirect hernia	133 (Gilbert I, 42; Gilbert II, 53; Gilbert III, 38)
Direct hernia	36 (Gilbert IV, 17; Gilbert V, 19)
Femoral hernia	11 (Gilbert VII, 11)
Scrotal hernia	6
Incarcerated hernia	5

BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.