Development of a new Cox model for predicting long-term survival in hepatitis cirrhosis patients underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts

	Training cohort (n = 157)	Validation cohort (n = 67)	P value
Age (yr)	51.9 ± 11.4	54.8 ± 9.0	0.05
Sex, n (%)			0.714
Male	123 (78)	51 (76)
Female	34 (22)	16 (24)
Etiology of cirrhosis, n (%)			0.251
Hepatitis B	137 (87)	62 (92)
Hepatitis C	20 (13)	5 (8)
Indication, n (%)			0.935
Variceal bleeding	89 (57)	37 (55)
Ascites	34 (21)	16 (24)
Both	34 (22)	14 (21)
Shunt, n (%)			0.118
Reasonable	83 (53)	43 (64)
Unreasonable	74 (47)	24 (36)
HE before TIPS, n (%)			0.015
Grade 0	155 (99)	62 (92)
Grade 1-2	1 (0.5)	1 (2)
Grade 3-4	1 (0.5)	4 (6)
Ascites, n (%)			0.199
None	70 (45)	26 (39)
Mild	30 (19)	9 (13)
Severe	57 (36)	32 (48)
Pre-PPG (mmHg)	26.1 ± 6.0	27.4 ± 7.7	0.153
Post-PPG (mmHg)	13.4 ± 5.8	14.2 ± 6.2	0.530
PVP%	32.2 ± 13.5	32.6 ± 12.1	0.587
Laboratory values
ALT (U/L)	26.2 ± 25.3	23.7 ± 12.0	0.686
AST (U/L)	35.4 ± 32.6	31.8 ± 13.5	0.596
ALB (g/L)	36.1 ± 4.6	35.7 ± 4.6	0.736
Na (mmol/L)	139.5 ± 4.2	138.1 ± 4.5	0.014
ICGR15 (%)	39.7 ± 16.1	43.0 ± 17.7	0.150
INR	1.3 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.2	0.514
Cr (mol/L)	70.3 ± 24.0	76.6 ± 33.9	0.362
Tbil (mol/L)	26.3 ± 14.9	28.3 ± 16.6	0.440
WBC (× 109/L)	3.3 ± 2.4	3.5 ± 2.7	0.942
PLT (× 109/L)	95.4 ± 25.0	98.9 ± 25.9	0.231
HGB (g/L)	100.1 ± 89.8	98.3 ± 82.7	0.984
Child-Pugh	6.9 ± 1.5	7.2 ± 1.7	0.152
Child classification, n (%)			0.142
Child A	68 (43)	22 (33)
Child B	82 (52)	41 (61)
Child C	7 (5)	4 (6)
MELD	8.0 ± 4.3	9.0 ± 5.1	0.295
MELD-Na	9.0 ± 5.7	11.2 ± 6.6	0.032
FIPS	-1.0 ± 0.8	-0.8 ± 0.8	0.111
6-yr survival (%)	49.9%	39.1%	0.233

ALB: Albumin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Cr: Creatinine; FIPS: Freiburg index of post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt survival; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; HGB: Hemoglobin; ICGR15: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min; INR: International normalized ratio; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; Na: Sodium; PLT: Platelet; PVP: Portal venous pressure; Tbil: Total bilirubin; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; WBC: White blood cell.