Three-dimensional printing for preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative navigation during laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with left colic artery preservation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the enrolled rectal cancer patients

Characteristic	The control group (n = 68)	The observation group (n = 72)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)
mean ± SD	64.9 ± 12.4	66.2 ± 10.5	0.636	0.513
Median (IQR)	67.0 (59.0-73.0)	69.0 (60.0-72.0)		0.644
Gender			0.759	0.448
Male	43	41
Female	25	31
Clinical stage			0.752	0.687
I	25	23
II	20	26
III	23	23
Diverting stoma			1.703	0.192
Yes	46	41
No	22	31
IMA types			1.947	0.584
I	28	35
II	19	16
III	21	20
IV	0	1
Neoadjuvant therapy			0.176	0.675
Yes	24	23
No	44	49
Tumor location			0.471	0.790
High	19	17
Middle	35	41
Low	14	14

IQR: Interquartile range; IMV: Inferior mesenteric vein.