Hepatobiliary manifestations following two-stages elective laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy for patients with ulcerative colitis: A prospective observational study

Table 1 General characteristics of the studied patients, n (%)

General characteristics
Age (yr) (mean ± SD)	36 ± 8
Sex
Male	112 (67.1)
Female	55 (32.9)
Smoking	50 (29.9)
Family history of ulcerative colitis	35 (21.0)
Ulcerative colitis disease duration before surgery (mo)	39 (4 - 90)
Treatment of ulcerative colitis
Mesalazine	137 (82.0)
Sulphasalazine	30 (18.0)
Anti-TNF	21 (12.6)
Corticosteroids	65 (38.9)
Type of PSC1
Large duct PSC	83 (79.8)
Small duct PSC	21 (20.2)
Family history of PSC	14 (8.4)
Diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary manifestations
Diagnostic methods
ANCA	104 (62.3)
MRCP	106 (63.5)
ERCP	10 (6.0)
Liver biopsy	143 (85.6)
Ultrasound	60 (35.9)
Treatment
UDCA	106 (63.5)
LMWH	6 (3.6)
Steroid	2 (1.2)
Obeticholic acid	2 (1.2)
Sonar guided drainage	1 (0.6)
Fibrates	2 (1.2)
Azathioprine	1 (0.6)

¹Percentages calculated based on a total of 104 patients with PSC.

Data were presented as mean ± SD, median (min-max), or number (percentage).

Anti-TNF: Anti-tumour necrosis factor; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; ANCA: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; UDCA: Ursodeoxycholic acid; LMWH: Low-molecular-weight heparin.