Analysis of the impact of ERAS-based respiratory function training on older patients’ ability to prevent pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery

Table 1 Demographic and surgical characteristics of the 231 patients

Variable	ERAS group	Control group	P value
Age in yr	72.06 ± 4.72	72.40 ± 4.89	0.59
Sex as male:female	61:51	55:64	0.21
Smoking as yes:no	45:67	53:66	0.50
ASA grade			0.22
I	39 (34.82%)	50 (42.02%)
II	40 (35.71%)	30 (25.21%)
III	33 (29.47%)	39 (32.77%)
IV	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Classification of surgical complexity			0.96
1	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
2	11 (9.82%)	13 (10.92%)
3	72 (64.29%)	76 (63.87%)
4	29 (25.89%)	30 (25.21%)
5	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Epidural analgesia	62	52	0.08

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; ERAS: Enhanced recovery after surgery.