New common bile duct morphological subtypes: Risk predictors of common bile duct stone recurrence

Table 4 Characteristics of patients with single recurrence and multiple recurrences, n (%)

Characteristics	Single recurrence (n = 34)	Multiple recurrences (n = 9)	P value
Sex (male/female)	19/15	4/5	0.71
Age (mean ± SD, yr)	71.3 ± 13.7	68.6 ± 12.2	0.59
Age ≥ 70 yr	21 (61.8)	4 (44.4)	0.46
PAD	21 (61.8)	2 (22.2)	0.06
CBD diameter (mean ± SD, cm)	1.5 ± 0.5	1.6 ± 0.6	0.43
CBD diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	18 (52.9)	5 (55.6)	1.00
Largest CBD stone diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	10 (29.4)	1 (11.1)	0.41
CBD stone number ≥ 2	12 (35.3)	3 (33.3)	1.00
Muddy stones	10 (29.4)	2 (22.2)	1.00
Initial ampullary intervention
EST	10 (29.4)	3 (33.3)	1.00
EPBD/EPLBD	6 (17.6)	3 (33.3)	0.37
ESBD	16 (47.1)	1 (11.1)	0.07
CBD morphology			0.22
straight type	12 (35.3)	2 (22.2)
S type	10 (29.4)	1 (11.1)
polyline type	12 (35.3)	6 (66.7)
Cholecystectomy	5 (14.7)	0 (0.0)	0.57
Gastrectomy	3 (8.8)	0 (0.0)	1.00
Procedure time (mean ± SD, min)	19.9 ± 15.7	17.0 ± 6.3	0.60

PAD: Periampullary diverticulum; CBD: Common bile duct; EST: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy; EPBD: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation; EPLBD: Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation; ESBD: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy with balloon dilation.