New common bile duct morphological subtypes: Risk predictors of common bile duct stone recurrence

Table 3 Patient characteristics of patients with different common bile duct morphologies, n (%)

Characteristics	Straight type (n = 289)	S type (n = 45)	Polyline type (n = 168)	P value
Sex (male/female)	166/123	30/15	91/77	0.32
Age ≥ 70 yr	104 (36.0)	20 (44.4)	77 (45.8)	0.10
PAD	136 (47.1)	20 (44.4)	87 (51.8)	0.53
CBD diameter (mean ± SD, cm)	1.3 ± 0.4	1.5 ± 0.5	1.4 ± 0.9	0.14
CBD diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	96 (33.2)	22 (48.9)	42 (25.0)	0.01
Largest CBD stone diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	42 (14.5)	8 (17.8)	32 (19.0)	0.44
CBD stone number ≥ 2	105 (36.3)	17 (37.8)	67 (39.9)	0.75
Muddy stones	78 (27.0)	11 (24.4)	42 (25.0)	0.87
Initial ampullary intervention
EST	84 (29.1)	11 (24.4)	46 (27.4)	0.79
EPBD/EPLBD	18 (6.2)	3 (6.7)	10 (6.0)	0.98
ESBD	180 (62.3)	30 (66.7)	105 (62.5)	0.85
Cholecystectomy	19 (6.6)	2 (4.4)	5 (3.0)	0.24
Procedure time (mean ± SD, min)	19.8 ± 11.7	19.7 ± 13.1	20.6 ± 16.7	0.81
Gastrectomy	5 (1.7)	0 (0.0)	4 (2.4)	0.38

PAD: Periampullary diverticulum; CBD: Common bile duct; EST: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy; EPBD: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation; EPLBD: Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation; ESBD: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy with balloon dilation.