New common bile duct morphological subtypes: Risk predictors of common bile duct stone recurrence

Table 2 Patient characteristics of patients with and without common bile duct stone recurrence, n (%)

Characteristics	Recurrence (n = 43)	Nonrecurrence (n = 459)	P value
Sex (male/female)	23/20	264/195	0.61
Age ≥ 70 yr	25 (58.1)	176 (38.3)	0.01
PAD	23 (53.5)	220 (47.9)	0.49
CBD diameter (mean ± SD, cm)	1.5 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.7	0.06
CBD diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	23 (53.5)	137 (29.8)	< 0.01
Largest CBD stone diameter ≥ 1.5 cm	11 (25.6)	71 (15.5)	0.09
CBD stone number ≥ 2	15 (34.9)	174 (37.9)	0.70
Muddy stones	12 (27.9)	119 (25.9)	0.78
Initial ampullary intervention
EST	13 (30.2)	128 (27.9)	0.74
EPBD/EPLBD	9 (20.9)	22 (4.8)	< 0.01
ESBD	17 (39.5)	298 (64.9)	< 0.01
CBD morphology			< 0.01
Straight type	14 (32.6)	275 (59.9)
S type	11 (25.6)	34 (7.4)
Polyline type	18 (41.9)	150 (32.7)
Cholecystectomy	5 (11.6)	21 (4.6)	0.06
Procedure time (mean ± SD, min)	19.3 ± 14.2	20.1 ± 13.6	0.71
Gastrectomy	3 (7.0)	6 (1.3)	0.03

PAD: Periampullary diverticulum; CBD: Common bile duct; EST: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy; EPBD: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation; EPLBD: Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation; ESBD: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy with balloon dilation.