Long-term outcomes of postgastrectomy syndrome after total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy using the augmented rectangle technique

Table 3 Patients’ clinicopathological characteristics

	ART group	PGSAS group	P value
Number of patients	94	909
Postoperative period in mo	27.1 ± 12.2	40.7 ± 30.7	< 0.001
Age in yr	70.0 ± 11.0	61.6 ± 9.1	< 0.001
Sex			0.333
Male	57	594
Female	37	311
Preoperative BMI in kg/m2	22.7 ± 3.4	22.7 ± 3.0	1.000
Stage			< 0.001
I	70	909
II	16	0
III	8	0
IV	0	0
Approach			< 0.001
Open	0	489
Laparoscopic	94	415
Extent of lymph node dissection (D1 >/D1/D2)			0.135
D1 >	0	4
D1	70	586
D2	24	319
Combined resection (absence/presence)			0.001
Absence	89	743
Presence	5	166

ART: Augmented rectangle technique; BMI: Body mass index; PGSAS: Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale.