Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2021; 13(9): 923-940
Published online Sep 27, 2021. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i9.923
Table 3 Outcomes of randomized controlled trials of probiotics versus placebo in the C and D type of irritable bowel syndrome
Ref.Type of IBSSample sizeProbioticOutcome by the type of IBS (probiotic group)
Agrawal et al[102], 2009C34Bifidobacterium lactis DN-173 010Reduction in bloating and distension (-1.52 cm), reduction of orocaecal (-1.2 h) and colonic (-12.2 h) transit times, reduction of pain and discomfort (-0.5)
Michail et al[105], 2011D24VSL#3: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. casei, and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium breve, B. longum, and B. infantis and Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilusSignificant decreases in the bloating, diarrhea, satiety and QOL in both groups (placebo and probiotic)
Ki Cha et al[106], 2012D50Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium breve, B. lactis, B. longum and Streptococcus thermophilusSymptoms (abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort, loose/watery stool, urgency, mucus in stool, bloating, and passage of gas) relief was higher (> 50%), improved stool consistency
Abbas et al[50], 2014D72Saccharomyces boulardiiDecrease in the blood and tissue levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-a and and increase in the anti-inflammatory IL-10, improvement in body image and food avoidance
Lorenzo-Zúñiga et al[93], 2014D84Lactobacillus plantarum (CECT7484 and CECT7485), Pediococcus acidilactici (CECT7483)Improved QOL score, improvement in gut-related anxiety (VSI scale)
Majeed et al[107], 2016D36Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856Decrase in bloating, diarhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, improvement in Bristol stool score
Mezzasalma et al[108],2019C150Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. reuteri, L.s plantarum, L.s rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium animalis subps. lactisQOL improved in probiotic group, incresead healthier characteristic in stool samples
Hod et al[109],2017D107Lactobacillus rhamnosus LR5, L. casei LC5, L. paracasei LPC5, L. plantarum LP3, L. acidophilus LA1, Bifidobacterium bifidum, BF3, B. longum BG7, B. breve BR3, B. infantis BT1, Streptococcus thermophilus ST3, L. bulgaricus LG1, Lactococcus lactisNo difference between groups overall, no CRP and fecal calprotectin levels difference
Ishaque et al[110],2018D360Bio-Kult®Reduced overal IBS-SSS score by 145 point in 30 d, reduced number of bowel movements, symptom free patients (33.7% vs 12.8%)
Khodadoostan et al[111],2018D67Lactobacillus casei, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium breve, B. longum, and Streptococcus thermophilus with prebiotic of ructooligosaccharidesImprovement in stool consistency adn defecation rate after 3 mo, decrease in abdominal pain after 6 mo
Sun et al[112], 2018D200Clostridium butyricumReduction in IBS-SSS score (-62.12 vs -40.74), no difference in abdominal pain and bloating, improvement in QOL, no change in Bristol stool scale.