Chylous ascites in colorectal surgery: A systematic review

Table 1 A summary of all the reported cases of chylous ascites in colorectal surgery

Ref.	No. of Cases	Age/gender	Diagnosis	Type of surgery	Level of lymphadenectomy
Giovannini et al[22], Italy, 2005	1	69/M	MA	Lap AR	D3
Chan et al[30], Malaysia, 2006	1	32/M	MA	AR	N/A
Chi et al[21], China, 2006	10	N/A	MA	Lap LAR (n = 3); Open LAR (n = 7)	N/A
Giovannini et al[34], Italy, 2008	1	60/M	MA	Laparotomy (previous endoscopic removal of R colon polyp)	Lymphadenectomy (not specified)
Lu et al[35], China, 2010	46	58.7 (mean) (24-83); M (n = 27) / F (n = 20)	MA	Laparoscopic (n = 28); Open (n = 18); R Hemicolectomy (n = 16); L Hemicolectomy (n = 7); AR (n = 23)	N/A
Sun et al[36], China, 2012	46	57.4 (mean); M (n = 29)/F (n = 17)	MA	R Hemicolectomy (n = 30); L Hemicolectomy (n = 16)	D3
Feng et al[12], China, 2012	1	N/A	MA	Lap R Hemicolectomy	CME
Nishigori et al[1], Japan, 2012	9	Age Range 49-80; M (n = 4)/F (n = 5)	MA	Open R Hemicolectomy (n = 5); Open HAR (n = 1); Open sigmoidectomy (n = 1); Lap AR (n = 1); Lap HAR (n = 1)	D2/D3
Nakayama et al[31], Japan, 2012	1	67/M	MA	LAR	Para-aortic lymphadenectomy
Bartolini et al[32], Italy, 2013	3	43/F; 78/F; 85/F	MA	Lap AR	N/A
Galketiya et al[23], Australia, 2013	1	76/F	MA	AR	N/A
Matsumura et al[24], Japan, 2013	2	64/F; 80/M	MA	Lap R hemicolectomy (n = 1); Lap HAR (n = 1)	D2; D3
Matsuda et al[2], Japan, 2013	9	Age Range 55-80; M (n = 7)/F (n = 2)	MA	Lap R hemicolectomy (n = 4); Lap AR (n = 5)	D3
Han et al[14], China, 2013	4	N/A	MA	Lap assisted radical R hemicolectomy (n = 4)	D3
Shin et al[15], Korea, 2014	2	N/A	MA	Lap Colectomy	D3 and CME
Soyer et al[25], Turkey, 2014	1	76/F	MA	Open R Hemicolectomy	D3
Inada et al[16], Japan, 2014	1	N/A	MA	Lap APR	D2
Ha et al[26], Korea, 2015	1	65/M	MA	Lap AR	D2
Lee et al[17], Korea, 2016	138	65.0 ± 11.8	MA	Open (n = 6); Laparoscopic (n =132); R Hemicolectomy (n = 27); L Hemicolectomy (n = 4); AR (n = 40); LAR (n = 63); APR (2); Others (2)	D3
Korkolis et al[27], Greece, 2017	1	44/M	MA	Lap LAR	D2
Wang et al[6], China, 2017	22	N/A	MA	Lap R hemicolectomy	CME
Pascual et al[33], Spain, 2017	1	57/F	B	Lap sigmoidectomy	N/A
Owada et al[28], Japan, 2018	1	60s/M	MA	Lap sigmoidectomy	D3
Fujii et al[9], Japan, 2018	11	N/A	MA	AR (Lap/Open)	D2
Shimajiri et al[29], Japan, 2018	1	31/M	MA	Lap descending colectomy	D3
An et al[19], Korea, 2018	6; 9	N/A; N/A	MA; MA	Lap R hemicolectomy; Lap R hemicolectomy	CME; Non-CME
Suzuki et al[20], Japan, 2019	1	N/A	MA	N/A	N/A
Lee et al[10], Korea, 2020	50	N/A	MA	Lap R hemicolectomy	D3/D4

MA: Malignant HAR: High anterior resection; LAR: Low anterior resection; APR: Abdominoperineal resection; CME: Complete mesocolic resection.