Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Dec 27, 2021; 13(12): 1660-1672
Published online Dec 27, 2021. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i12.1660
Table 2 Local and systemic complications clarified by Clavien-Dindo classification
Local complication
Total n (%)
Grade ≥ III
Systemic complication
Total n (%)
Grade ≥ III
Wound problem14 (1.3)0 (0.0)Pulmonary9 (0.9)2 (0.2)
Anastomosis leakage43 (4.1)9 (0.9)Hepatic0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Intra-abdominal infection and effusion12 (1.2)3 (0.3)Cardiovascular2 (0.2)1 (0.1)
Intra-abdominal bleeding2 (0.2)1 (0.1)Urinary2 (0.2)0 (0.0)
Anastomosis bleeding3 (0.3)0 (0.0)Central nervous2 (0.2)2 (0.2)
Ileus/motility disorder9 (0.9)2 (0.2)Hematologic15 (1.4)0 (0.0)
Infection of presacral space4 (0.4)0 (0.0)Infection6 (0.6)5 (0.5)
Others4 (0.4)0 (0.0)Endocrine0 (0.0)0 (0.0)