Immunotherapy after liver transplantation: Where are we now?

Table 1 Patients with prior liver transplantation and subsequent immunotherapy

Ref.	Drug	No. of cycles	Sex	Age	Indication	Year from transplant	Line of therapy	Rejection	Early mortality	PD-L1 status		Immunosuppression	Best response	PFS (mo)	OS (mo)
										Graft	Tumor
De Toni and Gerbes[10]	Nivolumab	15	M	41	HCC	NA	1	No	No	NA	0%	Tacrolimus	PD	3.5	7
Friend et al[11]	Nivolumab	2	M	20	HCC	4	2	Yes	Yes	Pos	Pos	Sirolimus	NA	1	1
Friend et al[11]	Nivolumab	1	M	14	HCC	3	3	Yes	Yes	Pos	Pos	Tacrolimus	NA	1	1
Varkaris et al[12]	Pembrolizumab	NA	M	70	HCC	8	NA	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus	PD	NA	NA
Munker and De Toni[13]	Nivolumab	NA	M	57	HCC	2.7	3	No	No	NA	10%	Tacrolimus	PD	2.2	1.2 (surviving)
Munker and De Toni[13]	Nivolumab	NA	M	56	HCC	7.8	4	No	No	5%	NA	Sirolimus/MMF	PD	0.7	1.1 (surviving)
Munker and De Toni[13]	Nivolumab	NA	F	35	HCC	3.7	5	No	No	0%	0%	Tacrolimus	PD	1.3	1.3 (surviving)
Munker and De Toni[13]	Nivolumab	NA	M	64	HCC	1.2	2	No	Yes	NA	0%	Tacrolimus	NA	0.3	0.3
Munker and De Toni[13]	Nivolumab	NA	M	68	HCC	1.1	2	Yes	Yes	30%	0%	Sirolimus	NA	0.9	0.9
Al Jarroudi et al[14]	Nivolumab	4	M	70	HCC	2.75	3	Yes	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus	NA	4	4
Al Jarroudi et al[14]	Nivolumab	5	F	62	HCC	1	4	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus	PD	2.5	NA
Al Jarroudi et al[14]	Nivolumab	6	M	66	HCC	5	4	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus	SD	3	NA
Rammohan et al[15]	Pembrolizumab	14	M	57	HCC	4.3	2	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/mTOR inhibitor	CR	10 (no progression)	10 (surviving)
Gassmann et al[16]	Nivolumab	1	F	53	HCC	3	2	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Everolimus	NA	0.8	0.8
Nasr et al[17]	Pembrolizumab	35	M	63	HCC	4.6	2	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/MMF	CR	25 (no progression)	25 (surviving)
Wang et al[18]	Pembrolizumab	1	M	48	HCC	1	1	Yes	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/Everolimus	NA	NA	8 (surviving)
Au (current research)	Nivolumab	4	M	62	HCC	2.2	3	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/Everolimus	PD	4.0	7.3
Au (current research)	Nivolumab	6	M	53	HCC	6.0	2	No	No	NA	NA	Sirolimus	PD	2.8	10.6
Au (current research)	Pembrolizumab	16	M	77	HCC	32	1	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/Everolimus	SD	12.4	19.2
Ranganath and Panella[19]	Ipilimumab	4	F	59	Melanoma	8	NA	No	No	NA	NA	Sirolimus	PR	5	9 (surviving)
Morales et al[20]	Ipilimumab	4	M	67	Melanoma	8	2	No	No	NA	NA	Sirolimus/MMF	PR	4 (no progression)	14 (surviving)
Munker and De Toni[13]	Pembrolizumab	NA	M	55	Melanoma	5.5	2	No	No	0%	5%	Everolimus/MMF	CR	21.1 (no progression)	21.1 (surviving)
Munker and De Toni[13]	Pembrolizumab	NA	M	64	Melanoma	3.1	2	Yes	No	25%	NA	MMF/Prednisolone	NA	NA	0.7 (surviving)
Kuo et al[21]	Ipilimumab/Pembrolizumab	4/25	M	62	Melanoma	6	NA	No	No	NA	NA	Sirolimus	PR	24 (no progression)	24 (surviving)
Dueland et al[22]	Ipilimumab	1	F	67	Melanoma	1.5	1	Yes	No	NA	NA	Prednisolone	PD	3 (no progression)	4
Schvartsman et al[23]	Pembrolizumab	2	M	35	Melanoma	20	1	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus	CR	6	6 (surviving)
Tio et al[24]	Pembrolizumab	1	F	63	Melanoma	NA	NA	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Ciclosporin	NA	NA	NA
Biondani et al[25]	Nivolumab	3	M	54	SCC lung	13	1	No	No	NA	NA	Tacrolimus/Everolimus	PD	2.25	15

CR: Complete response; F: Female; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; M: Male; NA: Not available; OS: Overall survival; PD: Progressive disease; PFS: Progression-free survival; PR: Partial response; SCC: Squamous-cell carcinoma; SD: Stable disease.