Onodera's Prognostic Nutritional Index is a novel and useful prognostic marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Table 1 Clinicopathological features of 235 patients with primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Characteristic	n (%)
Gender
Male	118 (50.2)
Female	117 (49.8)
Age (yr, mean SD)	60.09 ± 10.12
≤ 60	110 (46.8)
> 60	125 (53.2)
Clinical manifestation
Abdominal discomfort or pain	104 (44.3)
Gastrointestinal bleeding	63 (26.8)
Obstruction	8 (3.4)
Perforation or rupture	2 (0.9)
Weight loss	7 (3.0)
Asymptomatic	51 (21.7)
Preoperative laboratory variables
Hemoglobin (g/L, mean SD)	122.69 ± 29.94
White blood cell (109 /L, mean SD)	6.52 ± 2.70
Neutrophil count (109 /L, mean SD)	4.40 ± 2.35
Lymphocyte count (109 /L, mean SD)	1.42 ± 0.53
Platelet count (109 /L, mean SD)	230.11 ± 100.76
Albumin (g/L, mean SD)	44.19 ± 6.66
NLR (mean SD)	3.80 ± 3.95
PLR (mean SD)	184.83 ± 109.06
OPNI (mean SD)	51.27 ± 7.12
Primary tumor site
Stomach	183 (77.9)
Small intestine	41 (17.4)
Colorectum	10 (4.3)
Intraperitoneally with unknown origin	1 (0.4)
Tumor size (cm, mean SD)	5.003 ± 3.5458
≤ 2.0	55 (23.4)
2.1-5.0	93 (39.6)
5.1-10.0	67 (28.5)
> 10.0	20 (8.5)
Predominant cell type
Spindle	206 (87.7)
Epithelioid	16 (6.8)
Mixed	13 (5.5)
Mitotic index (per 50 HPFs)
≤ 5	182 (77.4)
6-10	43 (18.3)
> 10	10 (4.3)
Necrosis
Yes	66 (28.1)
No	169 (71.9)
Tumor rupture
Yes	11 (4.7)
No	224 (95.3)
Risk classification
Very low risk	58 (24.7)
Low risk	77 (32.8)
Intermediate risk	41 (17.4)
High risk	59 (25.1)
CD117
(–)	4 (1.7)
(+)	169 (71.9)
(++)	18 (7.7)
(+++)	44 (18.7)
CD34
(–)	11 (4.7)
(+)	165 (70.2)
(++)	12 (5.1)
(+++)	47 (20.0)
DOG-1
(–)	3 (1.3)
(+)	211 (89.8)
(++)	12 (5.1)
(+++)	9 (3.8)
Ki-67 index (%, mean SD)	4.65 ± 6.37
Follow-up time (months, mean SD)	40.20 ± 20.18
Follow-up status
Relapse-free survival	215 (91.5)
Relapse	15 (6.4)
Metastasis	5 (2.1)

NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; OPNI: Onodera’s Prognostic Nutritional Index.