Diabetes epidemic sweeping the Arab world

Table 3 Diabetes complications in the Arab world

Country	Year	Sample size	Prevalence of complication	Ref.
Saudi Arabia	2015	50464	Retinopathy: 19.7%	[81]
	2015	3800	Blindness: 33%	[82]
	2014	54670	Nephropathy: 10.8%	[83]
	2015	62681	Diabetic foot: 3.3%	[84]
			Foot ulcer: 2.05%
			Gangrene: 0.19%
			Amputation: 1.06%
	2014	552	Peripheral neuropathy: 19.9%	[85]
Kuwait	2007	165	Retinopathy: 40%	[86]
Emirates	2007	513	Retinopathy: 19%	[87]
	2007	2455	Retinopathy: 54.2%	[57]
			Nephropathy: 40.8%
			Neuropathy: 34.7%
			Peripheral vascular disease: 11.1%
Bahrain	2009	712	Microalbuminuria: 27.9%	[88]
	2007	1477	Neuropathy: 36.6%	[89]
			Foot ulcer: 5.9%
			Peripheral vascular disease: 11.8%
Qatar	2011	540	Retinopathy: 23.5%	[90]
	2014	1633	Retinopathy: 12.5%	[91]
			Nephropathy: 12.4%
			Neuropathy: 9.5%
Oman	2003	2249	Retinopathy: 14.9%	[92]
	2009	418	Retinopathy: 7.9%	[93]
	2012	2551	Microalbuminuria: 37%	[94]
			Nephropathy: 5%
	2012	699	Nephropathy: 42.5%	[95]
Yemen	2011	694	Blindness: 15.7%	[96]
	2009	350	Retinopathy: 55%	[97]
	1997	1095	Peripheral neuropathy: 40.7%	[98]
	2010	311	Peripheral vascular disease: 9.1%	[99]
Jordan	2015	3638	Blindness: 1.3%	[100]
			Severe visual impairment: 1.82%
			Correctable visual impairment: 9.49%
	2008	986	Retinopathy: 64.1%	[101]
	2005	986	Blindness: 7.4%	[102]
	2003	1142	Microalbuminuria: 33%	[103]
			Ulceration: 4%
			Amputation: 5%
Egypt	2011	1325	Retinopathy: 20.5%	[104]
	2015	2000	Neuropathy: 29.3%	[105]
			Peripheral vascular disease: 11%
	1998	4600	Retinopathy: 42%	[67]
			Blindness: 5%
			Nephropathy: 7%
			Neuropathy: 22%
			Foot ulcer: 1%
Tunisia	2014	2320	Retinopathy: 26.3%	[106]
Libya	2012	260	Retinopathy: 16.2%	[107]
			Nephropathy: 1.5%
			Neuropathy: 11.2%