Management of critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes: The need for personalised therapy

Table 6 Observational studies that have recorded chronic glycaemia as a dynamic variable (chronological order)

Ref.	Year	Study pts	Study point	Non diabetic patients	Diabetic patients	Overall message
Egi et al[55]	2011	415	Does preexisting hyperglycaemia modulate the association between glycemia and outcome in ICU patients with DM	N/A	Patients with elevated preadmission HbA1c levels (> 7%) showed a mortality benefit when mean ICU glucose concentrations were > 10 mmol/L	Relationship between HbA1c and mortality changed according to the levels of time-weighted average of blood glucose concentrations
Plummer et al[34]	2014	1000	Prevalence of CIAH and recognized/unrecognized DM in ICU and to evaluate the premorbid glycaemia on the association between acute hyperglycaemia and mortality	50% had CIAHRisk of death inc by 20% for each increase in acute glycaemia of 1 mmol/L	Well controlled DM (HbA1c < 6%) and adequately controlled (DM 6%-7%) - risk of death as per non diabetic patientHbA1c ≥ 7% (insufficiently controlled DM) had no significance between mortality and acute glycaemia	22% had recognised DM6% had unrecognised diabetes
Hoang et al[44]	2014	299	Prevalance of unrecognized DM amongst those with CIAH and the association between baseline glycaemia and mortality	102 (34%) had no history of DM14/102 (14%) had unrecognized DM (diagnosed with HbA1c ≥ 6.5)	197 (66%) had a history of DM	Lower HbA1c had inc mortality (in this population of CIAH patients) despite lower median glucose values and less glucose variabilityMortality in HbA1c < 6.5 (19%) vs HbA1c ≥ 6.5 (12%), P = 0.04

Inc: Increased; Dec: Decreased; N/A: Not available.