Obesity and cardiometabolic disease risk factors among US adolescents with disabilities

Table 1 Demographic and anthropometric characteristics of of those 12-18 years old with and without disabilities in the United States, 1999-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys n (%)

	Overall n = 5276	Disability n = 256	No disability n = 5020	P-valuea
Gender				0.31
Boys	2674 (50.8)	126 (2.5)	2548 (48.3)
Girls	2602 (49.2)	130 (2.6)	2472 (46.6)
Race/ethnicity				0.78
Non-hispanic white	1477 (61.1)	80 (64.3)	1397 (60.9)
Non-hispanic black	1414 (13.5)	64 (12.1)	1350 (13.6)
Hispanic	2146 (18.7)	97 (17.9)	2049 (18.7)
Other	239 (6.7)	15 (5.7)	224 (6.8)
Education level				0.22
Grade School	295 (5.2)	19 (6.1)	276 (5.1)
Middle School	2247 (41.5)	101 (34.7)	2146 (41.9)
High School	2264 (44.5)	117 (52.6)	2147 (44.1)
High School graduate/GED	292 (6.4)	9 (3.5)	283 (6.6)
More than High School	111 (2.3)	6 (2.9)	105 (2.3)
Household income				0.17
< $10000	236 (5.3)	22 (9.9)	214 (5.1)
$10000-$19999	595 (13.0)	32 (17.1)	563 (12.7)
$20000-$34999	692 (15.8)	32 (21.4)	660 (15.5)
$35000-$54999	644 (20.2)	24 (14.0)	620 (20.5)
$55000-$74999	375 (14.0)	16 (11.1)	359 (14.1)
> $75000	679 (31.7)	26 (26.4)	653 (32.0)
Body mass index percentile groupb
Normal weight	3281 (66.1)	135 (50.7)	3146 (66.9)	< 0.001
Overweight	1995 (33.9)	121 (49.3)	1874 (33.1)	< 0.001
Obese	1099 (18.0)	67 (27.6)	1032 (17.5)	0.01
Severely obese	261 (4.2)	16 (5.8)	245 (4.1)	0.26
Body mass index	Mean (SE)	Mean (SE)	Mean (SE)
Percentile	64.4 (0.6)	71.3 (2.4)	63.9 (0.6)	< 0.01
Z score	0.53 (0.02)	0.83 (0.1)	0.52 (0.0)	0.01
Age	15.1 (0.04)	15.1 (0.2)	15.1 (0.04)	0.68

^aRepresents mean difference between those with and without disabilities;

^bNormal weight = body mass index < 85^th percentile for age and sex, overweight = body mass index ≥ 85^th - < 95^th percentile for age and sex, obese = body mass index ≥ 95^th percentile for age and sex (Kuczmarski et al[23], 2000) severely obese = absolute body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m² (Kelly et al[24], 2000).