Peripheral arterial disease is associated with retinal fluid and microvascular alterations in type 2 diabetes

doi:10.4239/wjd.122779

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Diabetes. Sep 15, 2026; 17(9): 122779
Published online Sep 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.122779

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Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier survival curves by peripheral arterial disease status. A: Intra-retinal fluid event-free survival; B: Intra-retinal fluid cumulative hazard; C: Diabetic macular edema event-free survival; D: Diabetic macular edema cumulative hazard. Black = peripheral arterial disease- (n = 187); blue = peripheral arterial disease + (n = 25). IRF: Intra-retinal fluid; DME: Diabetic macular edema; HR: Hazard ratio; PAD: Peripheral arterial disease.

Citation: Yang JM, Kwak J, Min SH, Choi SU, Park J, Yon DK, Lee JY, Kim JG, Yoon YH, Kim YJ. Peripheral arterial disease is associated with retinal fluid and microvascular alterations in type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(9): 122779
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i9/122779.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.122779

Yang JM, Kwak J, Min SH, Choi SU, Park J, Yon DK, Lee JY, Kim JG, Yoon YH, Kim YJ. Peripheral arterial disease is associated with retinal fluid and microvascular alterations in type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(9): 122779 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.122779]

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